Historical Sites and Monuments in Africa

14 Grade 8 Social Studies questions on Historical Sites and Monuments in Africa, with worked marking schemes. 14 questions are available on this topic in full.

1. Question 1

   1 mark

   Fort Jesus, an important historical monument on the Kenyan coast, was built by which group?

   A. The British

   B. The Portuguese

   C. The Arabs

   D. The Germans

   (1 mark)

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2. Question 2

   1 mark

   The Great Zimbabwe stone ruins are found in which present-day country?

   A. Zimbabwe

   B. Kenya

   C. Egypt

   D. Mali

   (1 mark)

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3. Question 3

   1 mark

   The Great Zimbabwe ruins, built of stone walls without mortar, are an important historical site located in present-day:

   A. Zimbabwe

   B. Morocco

   C. Kenya

   D. Egypt

   (1 mark)

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4. Question 4

   1 mark

   The rock-hewn churches at Lalibela, carved out of solid rock, are a famous historical monument found in:

   A. Ethiopia

   B. Tunisia

   C. Nigeria

   D. Kenya

   (1 mark)

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5. Question 5

   1 mark

   The Pyramids of Giza, among Africa's most famous monuments, were built by the ancient civilisation of:

   A. Egypt

   B. Ethiopia

   C. Ghana

   D. Mali

   (1 mark)

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6. Question 6

   1 mark

   Fort Jesus, an old fort built by the Portuguese, is a famous historical monument found in which Kenyan town?

   A. Kisumu

   B. Eldoret

   C. Mombasa

   D. Nakuru

   (1 mark)

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7. Question 7

   1 mark

   Gedi (Gede) ruins along the Kenyan coast are remains of an old town associated with the:

   A. Maasai pastoralists

   B. Ancient Egyptians

   C. European settlers

   D. Swahili/coastal civilisation

   (1 mark)

   Marking scheme

   D. Swahili/coastal civilisation

8. Question 8

   1 mark

   The Great Zimbabwe ruins, famous for their massive dry-stone walls, are found in which present-day country?

   A. Egypt

   B. Zimbabwe

   C. Kenya

   D. Nigeria

   (1 mark)

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9. Question 9

   3 marks

   State three reasons why historical sites and monuments should be preserved in Africa.

   (3 marks)

   Marking scheme

   1 mark each (max 3): they are a source of history/knowledge about the past; attract tourists and earn foreign exchange; preserve cultural heritage/identity; provide sites for research and learning; create employment; instil pride in the people.

10. Question 10

    1 mark

    Thimlich Ohinga in western Kenya is an important historical site known for its:

    A. Pyramids

    B. Rock paintings of cattle

    C. Dry-stone walled enclosures

    D. Coastal pillar tombs

    (1 mark)

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11. Question 11

    1 mark

    A class visits a historical site to learn about the past. Such a learning visit organised by a school is commonly called a:

    A. Field study/excursion

    B. Population census

    C. Public baraza

    D. General election

    (1 mark)

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12. Question 12

    4 marks

    (a) Name two historical sites or monuments found in Kenya.

    (b) State two ways the government can protect these sites from destruction.

    (4 marks)

    Marking scheme

    (a) 2 marks: Fort Jesus, Gedi ruins, Olorgesailie, Koobi Fora, Hyrax Hill, Thimlich Ohinga, Kariandusi, Jumba la Mtwana. (b) 2 marks: gazette/declare them protected national monuments; enforce laws against vandalism; employ guards/caretakers; fence the sites; create public awareness; fund a body such as the National Museums of Kenya.

13. Question 13

    1 mark

    Fort Jesus, an important historical monument on the Kenyan coast, was originally built by which European power?

    A. The British

    B. The Portuguese

    C. The Germans

    D. The French

    (1 mark)

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14. Question 14

    6 marks

    Explain three ways historical sites contribute to the economic development of a country.

    (6 marks)

    Marking scheme

    Up to 2 marks each (max 6): attract tourists who bring foreign exchange; create employment for guides, hotel staff and traders; promote growth of related businesses/infrastructure such as hotels and roads; earn revenue through entry fees; promote local crafts and markets.

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