Change of State

28 Grade 6 Integrated Science questions on Change of State, with worked marking schemes. 28 questions are available on this topic in full.

1. Question 1

   1 mark

   When a liquid changes to a solid, the process is called

   A. freezing (solidification)

   B. melting

   C. evaporation

   D. condensation

   (1 mark)

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2. Question 2

   2 marks

   State two everyday activities in which evaporation is useful to people.

   (2 marks)

   Marking scheme

   Any 2 (1 mark each): drying clothes; drying cereals/grains (e.g. maize) after harvest; making salt from sea/lake water; drying fish or vegetables; cooling of the body through sweating.

3. Question 3

   1 mark

   Which change of state requires heating?

   A. Deposition

   B. Condensation

   C. Freezing

   D. Melting

   (1 mark)

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4. Question 4

   1 mark

   During the water cycle, water vapour rising into the sky cools and forms clouds. The process by which the vapour turns into tiny water droplets is:

   A. Condensation

   B. Melting

   C. Evaporation

   D. Freezing

   (1 mark)

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5. Question 5

   1 mark

   Wet clothes hung on a line in the hot sun became dry. The water in the clothes changed into water vapour through:

   A. Condensation

   B. Freezing

   C. Evaporation

   D. Melting

   (1 mark)

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6. Question 6

   1 mark

   Wet clothes dry on a line because of

   A. condensation

   B. evaporation

   C. melting

   D. freezing

   (1 mark)

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7. Question 7

   1 mark

   Which one of the following changes of state is caused by heating?

   A. Formation of frost

   B. Melting of ice

   C. Formation of dew on grass

   D. Freezing of water into ice

   (1 mark)

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8. Question 8

   1 mark

   The process of a solid changing directly to a gas without passing through the liquid state is called

   A. evaporation

   B. sublimation

   C. condensation

   D. melting

   (1 mark)

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9. Question 9

   2 marks

   Explain why wet clothes dry faster on a hot, windy day than on a cold, cloudy day.

   (2 marks)

   Marking scheme

   Heat from the sun (high temperature) and the wind increase the rate of evaporation, so the water changes to vapour and leaves the clothes faster (2). On a cold cloudy day there is less heat and slower evaporation.

10. Question 10

    1 mark

    Small water droplets formed on the outside of a cold glass of soda on a warm day. This was caused by:

    A. Freezing

    B. Evaporation

    C. Condensation

    D. Melting

    (1 mark)

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11. Question 11

    3 marks

    Name the three states of matter and give one example of each.

    (3 marks)

    Marking scheme

    (1 mark each): Solid - e.g. ice/stone/wood; Liquid - e.g. water/milk/cooking oil; Gas - e.g. air/oxygen/steam (water vapour).

12. Question 12

    1 mark

    Which one of the following changes of state takes place when a substance is cooled?

    A. Boiling

    B. Freezing

    C. Evaporation

    D. Melting

    (1 mark)

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13. Question 13

    1 mark

    Ice melts when it is

    A. placed in salt

    B. heated

    C. cooled further

    D. kept in a freezer

    (1 mark)

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14. Question 14

    1 mark

    When a candle burns, the solid wax melts to a liquid. When the melted wax cools, it changes back to a solid. This change back to a solid is called:

    A. Sublimation

    B. Condensation

    C. Evaporation

    D. Solidification

    (1 mark)

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15. Question 15

    4 marks

    Name the change of state for each of the following.

    (a) Liquid to gas.

    (b) Gas to liquid.

    (c) Solid to liquid.

    (d) Liquid to solid.

    (4 marks)

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16. Question 16

    4 marks

    On a cold morning, water droplets (dew) were seen on the grass.

    (a) Name the process that formed the dew.

    (b) Explain how the dew was formed.

    (c) Give one other everyday example of this same process.

    (4 marks)

    Marking scheme

    (a) Condensation (1). (b) During the night the air cooled; the water vapour in the air lost heat and changed into tiny water droplets on the cold grass (2). (c) Any one (1): water droplets on the outside of a cold glass/bottle; mist forming on a cold window/mirror; water forming under a sufuria lid.

17. Question 17

    1 mark

    An ice cube was left on a table on a hot afternoon and slowly turned into water. This change of state is called:

    A. Evaporation

    B. Condensation

    C. Melting

    D. Freezing

    (1 mark)

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18. Question 18

    1 mark

    Which of the following would make water in an open dish evaporate faster?

    A. Covering the dish tightly

    B. Increasing the temperature

    C. Cooling the water

    D. Keeping the dish in the shade

    (1 mark)

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19. Question 19

    1 mark

    In which state of matter are the particles packed very closely together, giving the material a fixed shape?

    A. Gas

    B. Liquid

    C. Solid

    D. Vapour

    (1 mark)

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20. Question 20

    1 mark

    Steam from boiling water touched a cold sufuria lid and formed drops of water on it. Which two processes took place in that order?

    A. Condensation then melting

    B. Melting then freezing

    C. Evaporation then condensation

    D. Freezing then evaporation

    (1 mark)

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21. Question 21

    4 marks

    A learner heated ice in a sufuria until the water in it boiled.

    (a) Name the change of state when the ice becomes water.

    (b) Name the change of state when the boiling water becomes steam.

    (c) State what happens to the particles of a solid when it is heated.

    (4 marks)

    Marking scheme

    (a) Melting (1). (b) Evaporation / boiling (1). (c) The particles gain heat energy, move faster and move further apart (spread out) (2).

22. Question 22

    1 mark

    Water droplets that form on the outside of a cold glass are due to

    A. the glass sweating

    B. the glass leaking

    C. condensation of water vapour in the air

    D. evaporation of the drink

    (1 mark)

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23. Question 23

    3 marks

    During a lesson a candle was lit and observed.

    (a) State the change of state that occurs when the solid wax turns into liquid.

    (b) State the change of state when the melted wax cools and hardens.

    (c) Name one factor that would make the wax melt faster.

    (3 marks)

    Marking scheme

    (a) Melting (1). (b) Solidification/freezing (1). (c) Any one (1): more heat/a bigger flame; higher temperature; placing it in a hotter place.

24. Question 24

    1 mark

    When water is heated, it changes from liquid to gas. This process is called

    A. evaporation

    B. condensation

    C. melting

    D. freezing

    (1 mark)

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25. Question 25

    2 marks

    A pupil left a basin of water in an open place in the sun for several days and noticed that the level of the water had gone down. Explain why the water level dropped.

    (2 marks)

    Marking scheme

    Heat from the sun caused the water to evaporate (change from liquid to water vapour) and escape into the air, so the amount of water in the basin reduced (2).

26. Question 26

    1 mark

    Water was placed in a freezer and after some hours it turned into ice. The process that took place is called:

    A. Boiling

    B. Melting

    C. Freezing

    D. Condensation

    (1 mark)

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27. Question 27

    1 mark

    When water vapour cools, it changes to liquid. This process is called

    A. melting

    B. evaporation

    C. condensation

    D. sublimation

    (1 mark)

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28. Question 28

    1 mark

    A block of butter left near a hot jiko became soft and runny. This happened because heat caused the butter to:

    A. Melt

    B. Condense

    C. Evaporate

    D. Freeze

    (1 mark)

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