Human Breathing System

38 Grade 5 Integrated Science questions on Human Breathing System, with worked marking schemes. 38 questions are available on this topic in full.

1. Question 1

   1 mark

   Air enters the body through the

   A. eyes

   B. ears

   C. nose and mouth

   D. skin

   (1 mark)

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2. Question 2

   1 mark

   A disease of the breathing system that spreads when an infected person coughs without covering the mouth is

   A. diarrhoea

   B. scabies

   C. tuberculosis

   D. ringworm

   (1 mark)

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3. Question 3

   1 mark

   Cigarette smoke is harmful to the breathing system mainly because it

   A. adds oxygen to the lungs

   B. cleans the lungs

   C. cools the lungs

   D. damages the lungs

   (1 mark)

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4. Question 4

   1 mark

   When we breathe in, the gas that the body needs most from the air is

   A. oxygen

   B. smoke

   C. carbon dioxide

   D. nitrogen

   (1 mark)

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5. Question 5

   2 marks

   Give two reasons why a learner breathes faster after running a race.

   (2 marks)

   Marking scheme

   1 mark each (max 2): the body needs more oxygen; the body needs to get rid of more carbon dioxide; the muscles are working harder and need more energy/oxygen.

6. Question 6

   3 marks

   Explain why breathing in through the nose is better than breathing in through the mouth.

   (3 marks)

   Marking scheme

   1 mark each (max 3): the nose warms the air; the nose moistens/adds moisture to the air; the nose filters/traps dust and germs using hairs and mucus before the air reaches the lungs.

7. Question 7

   1 mark

   After running around the field, Kamau notices he is breathing faster than before. He breathes faster because his body now needs

   A. more food

   B. more carbon dioxide

   C. more oxygen

   D. less oxygen

   (1 mark)

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8. Question 8

   1 mark

   Which path does air follow when a person breathes in?

   A. nose to heart to lungs

   B. lungs to windpipe to nose

   C. mouth to stomach to lungs

   D. nose to windpipe to lungs

   (1 mark)

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9. Question 9

   1 mark

   When we breathe out, we release

   A. carbon dioxide

   B. hydrogen

   C. nitrogen

   D. oxygen

   (1 mark)

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10. Question 10

    1 mark

    A blocked and running nose during a common cold is caused by

    A. germs infecting the breathing passages

    B. having strong bones

    C. drinking cold water only

    D. eating too much food

    (1 mark)

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11. Question 11

    1 mark

    During a Physical Education lesson, learners are told to breathe in through the nose. The main reason the nose is a good entry point for air is that it

    A. pumps blood to the lungs

    B. digests the air before it enters

    C. stores air for use later

    D. warms, moistens and filters the air

    (1 mark)

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12. Question 12

    1 mark

    A healthy human being has how many lungs?

    A. four

    B. two

    C. one

    D. three

    (1 mark)

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13. Question 13

    1 mark

    To keep the breathing system healthy, we should

    A. avoid drinking water

    B. stay indoors all day

    C. breathe in dust

    D. exercise regularly and avoid smoking

    (1 mark)

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14. Question 14

    3 marks

    State three ways of caring for the breathing system.

    (3 marks)

    Marking scheme

    1 mark each (max 3): avoid smoking / avoid smoky places; cover nose and mouth in dusty areas; treat coughs and colds early; cover the mouth when coughing or sneezing; exercise regularly; keep the surroundings clean and free of dust; avoid inhaling harmful fumes.

15. Question 15

    3 marks

    Juma's young brother has been coughing for many weeks and is losing weight. The doctor says it is a breathing disease that spreads through the air.

    (a) Name the disease he most likely has.

    (b) State two ways this disease can be prevented.

    (3 marks)

    Marking scheme

    (a) Tuberculosis (TB) (1 mark). (b) 1 mark each (max 2): cover mouth when coughing/sneezing; get vaccinated (BCG); go to hospital early for treatment; ensure good ventilation/air in houses; avoid crowded stuffy places; complete the treatment dose.

16. Question 16

    1 mark

    Amina begins to wheeze and finds it hard to breathe whenever she is near dust. This breathing condition is most likely

    A. asthma

    B. typhoid

    C. cholera

    D. malaria

    (1 mark)

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17. Question 17

    1 mark

    Which organs in the human body are directly responsible for taking in oxygen from the air?

    A. The kidneys

    B. The heart

    C. The lungs

    D. The stomach

    (1 mark)

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18. Question 18

    1 mark

    Smoking is harmful to the breathing system because it

    A. cleans the blood

    B. damages the lungs

    C. makes bones stronger

    D. improves eyesight

    (1 mark)

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19. Question 19

    3 marks

    Amina's asthma attacks happen mostly when there is dust. State three ways she can reduce her asthma attacks.

    (3 marks)

    Marking scheme

    1 mark each (max 3): avoid dusty and smoky places; use the prescribed inhaler/medicine; keep the house clean and free of dust; avoid very cold air; avoid strong smells and perfumes; cover the nose in dusty areas.

20. Question 20

    4 marks

    Describe what happens inside the chest when a person breathes in (inhalation).

    (4 marks)

    Marking scheme

    1 mark each (max 4): the diaphragm contracts and moves downwards/flattens; the ribs move upwards and outwards; the chest cavity/space becomes larger; air rushes in and fills the lungs which expand.

21. Question 21

    4 marks

    Along a dusty murram road near a school, many children are coughing.

    (a) Name one breathing problem the dust can cause.

    (b) Suggest three ways the community can reduce the dust to protect the children's breathing.

    (4 marks)

    Marking scheme

    (a) 1 mark: coughing / asthma / blocked or running nose / chest allergy. (b) 1 mark each (max 3): plant trees and grass along the road; sprinkle water on the road / tarmac or gravel it; wear masks or cover the nose; reduce vehicle speed to raise less dust.

22. Question 22

    2 marks

    State two effects of smoking on the breathing system.

    (2 marks)

    Marking scheme

    1 mark each (max 2): damages the lungs; causes constant coughing/difficulty in breathing; leads to lung diseases such as cancer or TB; reduces the amount of oxygen the body gets.

23. Question 23

    1 mark

    Dust and germs are prevented from entering the lungs by

    A. the stomach

    B. the heart

    C. tiny hairs and mucus in the nose

    D. the skin

    (1 mark)

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24. Question 24

    1 mark

    The tiny hairs and sticky mucus found inside the nose help to

    A. warm the blood

    B. trap dust and germs

    C. produce oxygen

    D. make sound

    (1 mark)

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25. Question 25

    1 mark

    To avoid spreading germs to others when coughing, a learner should

    A. only open all the windows

    B. cough towards friends

    C. cover the mouth with a bent elbow or a tissue

    D. stop breathing for a while

    (1 mark)

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26. Question 26

    1 mark

    When we breathe in, we take in

    A. carbon dioxide

    B. oxygen

    C. nitrogen

    D. water vapour

    (1 mark)

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27. Question 27

    1 mark

    The dome-shaped muscle found just below the lungs that helps in breathing is the

    A. biceps

    B. diaphragm

    C. heart

    D. rib

    (1 mark)

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28. Question 28

    1 mark

    The tube that carries air from the throat to the lungs is called the

    A. vein

    B. trachea (windpipe)

    C. oesophagus

    D. artery

    (1 mark)

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29. Question 29

    1 mark

    The main organ of breathing in humans is the

    A. stomach

    B. heart

    C. lungs

    D. liver

    (1 mark)

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30. Question 30

    2 marks

    When we breathe, gases are exchanged in the lungs.

    (a) Name the gas the body takes in.

    (b) Name the gas the body releases.

    (2 marks)

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31. Question 31

    1 mark

    The gas that is breathed out in larger amounts than it is breathed in is

    A. oxygen

    B. carbon dioxide

    C. helium

    D. hydrogen

    (1 mark)

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32. Question 32

    3 marks

    List, in the correct order, the parts that air passes through as it moves from the nose to the lungs.

    (3 marks)

    Marking scheme

    Nose to windpipe/trachea to bronchi to lungs. Award 1 mark for correct starting part (nose), 1 mark for the windpipe/trachea in the middle, 1 mark for ending at the lungs in the right order.

33. Question 33

    1 mark

    Planting trees around the home is good for the breathing system because trees

    A. release oxygen into the air

    B. make the air dusty

    C. remove all the air

    D. release only carbon dioxide

    (1 mark)

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34. Question 34

    1 mark

    While sweeping a dusty classroom, the best way to protect the breathing system is to

    A. hold the breath the whole time

    B. cover the nose and mouth with a clean cloth or mask

    C. drink a lot of water

    D. breathe faster than usual

    (1 mark)

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35. Question 35

    1 mark

    The tube that carries air from the nose down to the lungs is called the

    A. oesophagus

    B. artery

    C. trachea

    D. spine

    (1 mark)

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36. Question 36

    4 marks

    (a) State the function of the lungs in breathing.

    (b) State the function of the diaphragm in breathing.

    (4 marks)

    Marking scheme

    (a) The lungs take in oxygen from the air and give out carbon dioxide (gaseous exchange) (2 marks). (b) The diaphragm contracts and relaxes to help draw air into the lungs and push it out (2 marks).

37. Question 37

    2 marks

    Name any two parts of the human breathing system.

    (2 marks)

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38. Question 38

    1 mark

    When a learner breathes in, the ribs move

    A. they do not move at all

    B. upwards and outwards

    C. downwards and inwards

    D. sideways only

    (1 mark)

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