Management of Solid Waste

26 Grade 4 Integrated Science questions on Management of Solid Waste, with worked marking schemes. 26 questions are available on this topic in full.

1. Question 1

   3 marks

   A Grade 4 class wants to make compost manure using kitchen waste.

   (a) Name two materials they can use to make the compost. (2 marks)

   (b) State one use of the compost manure once it is ready. (1 mark)

   (3 marks)

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2. Question 2

   1 mark

   When food remains, grass and peelings are heaped in a pit and left to rot, they form a useful material for farmers called

   A. Plastic

   B. Ash

   C. Glass

   D. Compost manure

   (1 mark)

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3. Question 3

   3 marks

   There are three main ways of handling solid waste, sometimes called the '3Rs': Reduce, Reuse and Recycle.

   (a) Explain what it means to reuse a material. (1 mark)

   (b) Explain what it means to recycle a material. (1 mark)

   (c) Give one example of how you can reduce waste at home. (1 mark)

   (3 marks)

   Marking scheme

   (a) 1 mark: to use the same item again for the same or another purpose instead of throwing it away. (b) 1 mark: to change/take waste to be made into a new useful item. (c) 1 mark, any example: buying fewer things wrapped in plastic; using a shopping basket; buying only what is needed; using cloth bags.

4. Question 4

   1 mark

   A school placed different bins for different waste. Peelings from the kitchen should be put in the bin for

   A. Plastic bottles

   B. Broken glass

   C. Rotting (biodegradable) waste

   D. Metal cans

   (1 mark)

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5. Question 5

   1 mark

   Burning solid waste in the open is bad because it

   A. makes the soil fertile

   B. produces clean water

   C. makes plants grow faster

   D. pollutes the air

   (1 mark)

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6. Question 6

   1 mark

   Rotting food waste can be used to make

   A. metal cans

   B. glass bottles

   C. compost manure

   D. plastic bags

   (1 mark)

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7. Question 7

   1 mark

   Pupils collected old paper and took it to a factory to be made into new paper. This way of handling waste is called

   A. Recycling

   B. Burying

   C. Reducing

   D. Burning

   (1 mark)

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8. Question 8

   1 mark

   Which of the following is a way to reduce solid waste?

   A. Throwing waste in the river

   B. Buying more things every day

   C. Leaving waste on the road

   D. Using reusable bags instead of plastic bags

   (1 mark)

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9. Question 9

   1 mark

   Instead of throwing away an empty plastic bottle, Wanjiru washed it and used it to store water. What did Wanjiru do to the bottle?

   A. Burnt it

   B. Recycled it

   C. Reused it

   D. Buried it

   (1 mark)

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10. Question 10

    2 marks

    Poor disposal of solid waste can affect people's health.

    (a) Name one disease that can spread when waste is left uncollected. (1 mark)

    (b) State one way this can be prevented. (1 mark)

    (2 marks)

    Marking scheme

    (a) 1 mark, any: cholera / typhoid / diarrhoea / malaria (from mosquitoes breeding in waste). (b) 1 mark: collect and dispose of waste properly in bins/pits; keep the compound clean; cover waste; recycle/reuse waste.

11. Question 11

    3 marks

    Otieno has an empty 5-litre plastic container at home. Instead of throwing it away, he wants to reuse it. Give three ways he can reuse the plastic container.

    (3 marks)

    Marking scheme

    Any three (1 mark each): store water/liquids; make a flower pot/plant seedlings; make a watering can; use it for storing grains/cereals; make a scoop; use as a bird feeder; store fuel/paraffin. Accept any sensible reuse.

12. Question 12

    4 marks

    Study the waste materials below: broken glass, banana peel, old newspaper, tin can, grass cuttings.

    (a) Write the waste that can rot easily (biodegradable). (2 marks)

    (b) Write the waste that cannot rot easily (non-biodegradable). (2 marks)

    (4 marks)

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13. Question 13

    1 mark

    The best way to manage solid waste at school is to

    A. throw waste everywhere

    B. burn all waste

    C. bury all waste in the ground

    D. reduce, reuse and recycle

    (1 mark)

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14. Question 14

    1 mark

    Which of the following is a good way of reducing the amount of waste we make?

    A. Using items only once

    B. Buying many things wrapped in plastic

    C. Using a basket instead of many plastic bags

    D. Throwing food away daily

    (1 mark)

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15. Question 15

    1 mark

    Small pieces of soap that remain after use can be

    A. thrown away immediately

    B. mixed with food

    C. reused to make soap gel

    D. used as medicine

    (1 mark)

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16. Question 16

    1 mark

    Old newspapers can be

    A. drunk

    B. recycled

    C. eaten

    D. planted

    (1 mark)

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17. Question 17

    2 marks

    Explain why it is important to sort (separate) waste into different groups before throwing it away. Give two reasons.

    (2 marks)

    Marking scheme

    Any two (1 mark each): so that materials that can be recycled are collected easily; so that rotting waste can be used to make compost; to keep useful materials for reuse; to make disposal easier/cleaner; to avoid mixing dangerous items like broken glass with other waste.

18. Question 18

    1 mark

    Which of the following is an example of solid waste?

    A. Steam

    B. Dirty water

    C. Smoke

    D. Plastic bottles

    (1 mark)

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19. Question 19

    1 mark

    Which one of the following is an example of solid waste found in a home?

    A. Water from washing

    B. Smoke from cooking

    C. Air in the room

    D. An empty tin

    (1 mark)

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20. Question 20

    4 marks

    During a break, pupils threw fruit peels, papers and plastic wrappers all over the school compound.

    (a) State two problems this scattered waste can cause. (2 marks)

    (b) Suggest two things the pupils can do to keep the compound clean. (2 marks)

    (4 marks)

    Marking scheme

    (a) Any two (1 mark each): breeds houseflies/mosquitoes; causes diseases; makes the compound dirty/ugly; produces bad smell; blocks drainage. (b) Any two (1 mark each): pick the waste and put it in dustbins/pits; sort the waste; make compost from peels; take part in cleaning the compound; use bins instead of littering.

21. Question 21

    1 mark

    Where should pupils throw waste papers in the classroom?

    A. Through the window

    B. Under the desk

    C. On the floor

    D. In the dustbin

    (1 mark)

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22. Question 22

    1 mark

    Which of the following types of waste can rot and mix with the soil easily?

    A. Plastic bag

    B. Glass bottle

    C. Metal tin

    D. Banana peel

    (1 mark)

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23. Question 23

    1 mark

    Some people burn plastic waste in the open. One problem with burning plastics is that it

    A. Produces harmful smoke

    B. Feeds animals

    C. Makes clean air

    D. Adds water to the soil

    (1 mark)

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24. Question 24

    1 mark

    Waste that is left lying around a home for a long time is dangerous because it

    A. Makes the home look clean

    B. Gives fresh air

    C. Breeds houseflies and mosquitoes

    D. Feeds the family

    (1 mark)

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25. Question 25

    1 mark

    Which one of the following waste materials does NOT rot easily when buried in the soil?

    A. Plastic bottle

    B. Food remains

    C. Dry leaves

    D. Vegetable peels

    (1 mark)

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26. Question 26

    3 marks

    State three good ways of getting rid of solid waste in a home or school.

    (3 marks)

    Marking scheme

    Any three (1 mark each): collecting waste in a dustbin and having it taken away; burying non-harmful waste in a pit; making compost from peels/food remains; recycling paper, plastics and metals; reusing containers. (Do not award for open burning of plastics.)

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