Oral Literature Fieldwork
17 Grade 10 Literature in English questions on Oral Literature Fieldwork, with worked marking schemes. 17 questions are available on this topic in full.
Question 1
5 marksOutline five sections you would include in a report on a fieldwork project on short forms of oral literature.
(5 marks)
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1 markBefore recording an elder in Nyeri reciting proverbs for a fieldwork project, a learner should first
A. seek the elder's informed consent
B. share the recording on social media
C. translate the proverbs into English
D. edit out the elder's mistakes
(1 mark)
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4 marksState four materials or items a learner should have ready before setting out to collect riddles in the field.
(4 marks)
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5 marksOutline five activities a learner carries out after fieldwork, from processing the collected data to preserving it.
(5 marks)
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1 markAfter returning from the field, a group sorts the proverbs it recorded into themes such as hard work, patience and unity. This activity is part of
A. data analysis
B. site preparation
C. data collection
D. pilot testing
(1 mark)
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6 marksExplain three reasons why fieldwork is important in the study of oral literature.
(6 marks)
Marking scheme
Any three of the following, 2 marks each (1 mark for the point, 1 mark for explanation) (6 marks): - It preserves oral literature: collecting and documenting items protects them from being lost as elders pass on - It gives first-hand, authentic material straight from the community rather than second-hand accounts - It lets the learner see the context and performance, including tone, gestures and the occasion of use - It builds research skills such as planning, interviewing, observing, analysing and report writing - It helps learners appreciate and respect their culture and that of other communities, which builds national unity - It strengthens links between the school and the community, as learners interact with elders and custodians of culture - It brings out regional variations of the same genre, which enriches knowledge of oral literature - It develops values and competencies such as communication, collaboration, responsibility and citizenship - It provides material for further study, teaching and creative work
Question 7
6 marksExplain three ethical considerations a learner should observe when conducting fieldwork on short forms of oral literature.
(6 marks)
Marking scheme
Any three of the following, 2 marks each (1 mark for the consideration, 1 mark for explanation) (6 marks): - Informed consent: explain the purpose of the study and get the respondent's agreement before collecting or recording data - Confidentiality and privacy: protect respondents' identities and personal details unless they agree to be named - Respect for culture: dress and behave in ways the community accepts and observe taboos about when certain forms may be performed - Honesty and accuracy: record and report what respondents actually said without changing or inventing data - Acknowledgement: credit respondents and the community as the source of the material - Voluntary participation: respondents may refuse or withdraw at any time without pressure - Avoiding harm: do not ask questions that embarrass, offend or endanger respondents - Proper use of data: use the material only for the stated purpose and do not post it online without permission - Seeking permission from authorities: get clearance from the school and the local administration
Question 8
4 marksThe interview is a common method of collecting data in oral literature fieldwork.
(a) State two advantages of using interviews to collect short forms of oral literature. (2 marks)
(b) State two disadvantages of using interviews to collect short forms of oral literature. (2 marks)
(4 marks)
Marking scheme
(a) Any two, 1 mark each (2 marks): - The researcher can ask follow-up questions to clarify meanings and context - It can be used with respondents who cannot read or write - The researcher observes tone, gestures and facial expressions during the response - It gives detailed, first-hand information from the respondent - It allows the researcher to build rapport with the respondent - Responses are obtained immediately (b) Any two, 1 mark each (2 marks): - It is time-consuming, especially with many respondents - It can be costly in transport and recording materials - Respondents may give answers they think the researcher wants (bias) - Language barriers may cause misunderstanding - Some respondents may be shy or unwilling to talk to a stranger - The researcher's own bias or leading questions may affect responses - Information is lost if notes are poorly taken and there is no recording
Question 9
1 markA learner attends a wedding celebration in Bungoma, joins in the dancing and later writes down the songs and sayings she heard during the ceremony. Which method of data collection did she use?
A. Focus group discussion
B. Structured questionnaire
C. Participant observation
D. Telephone interview
(1 mark)
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6 marks(a) State three challenges a learner may face while collecting short forms of oral literature in the field. (3 marks)
(b) Suggest a solution to each of the challenges stated in (a). (3 marks)
(6 marks)
Marking scheme
(a) Any three, 1 mark each (3 marks): - Language barrier between the researcher and respondents - Unwilling or suspicious respondents - Respondents asking for payment - Insufficient funds for transport and materials - Bad weather or difficult terrain - Failure of recording equipment (e.g. flat batteries, full memory) - Limited time - Respondents giving inaccurate or incomplete information - Insecurity in the area - Respondents failing to keep appointments (b) One matching solution for each challenge stated, 1 mark each (3 marks), e.g.: - Language barrier: use an interpreter or learn key words in the local language - Unwilling respondents: explain the purpose clearly, show an introduction letter and build rapport - Requests for payment: explain the academic purpose and offer a token of appreciation within the budget - Lack of funds: draw a realistic budget and seek school support - Bad weather: plan the visit for a suitable season and have a backup date - Equipment failure: carry spare batteries and back up with written notes - Limited time: make a clear schedule and book appointments early - Inaccurate information: cross-check with several respondents - Insecurity: travel in groups and inform the local administration - Missed appointments: confirm visits in advance and keep a list of alternative respondents Award marks in (b) only where the solution matches a challenge stated in (a).
Question 11
3 marksYour class plans a fieldwork project on proverbs used by the community in your sub-county. Formulate three objectives for this project.
(3 marks)
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1 markWhich is the main advantage of video recording over note-taking when collecting riddles performed by children during a riddling session?
A. It removes the need for transcription
B. It captures gestures and tone of voice
C. It needs no consent from the respondents
D. It is cheaper than writing in a notebook
(1 mark)
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1 markWhich of the following is the best-formulated objective for a fieldwork project on riddles?
A. To learn everything about our local community's culture
B. To prove that riddles are no longer useful
C. To collect ten riddles used in Kangundo homes
D. To enjoy spending a weekend with the elders
(1 mark)
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4 marksOutline four activities a learner should carry out when preparing for a fieldwork project on short forms of oral literature.
(4 marks)
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6 marksDuring a fieldwork project in Machakos, a group of learners collected the following items from members of the community and translated them into English.
(i) "I have a house without a door." Answer: "An egg."
(ii) "The goat that wanders far from the herd is the one the hyena eats."
(iii) "Six slim snakes slid slowly south."
(iv) "Mother's blanket covers the whole homestead at night." Answer: "Darkness."
(v) "Rain does not fall on one roof alone."
(vi) "Mutua's cow crossed the crooked creek."
(a) Draw a table and classify the six items into their short forms of oral literature. (3 marks)
(b) Explain the meaning of item (ii) and the lesson it teaches. (2 marks)
(c) State one function of the short form to which item (iii) belongs. (1 mark)
(6 marks)
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4 marksRead the following account and then answer the question that follows. For his fieldwork on tongue twisters, Kiprono secretly recorded his grandmother and her friends in Kapsabet as they played word games after supper. He later posted the video on social media under the caption "Old women who cannot speak properly" and included their names. Identify two ethical errors Kiprono made and explain how he should have handled each one.
(4 marks)
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1 markWhich action after a fieldwork project best contributes to the preservation of oral literature?
A. Memorising riddles to pass the term examination
B. Depositing transcripts in the school library
C. Deleting recordings once the marks are awarded
D. Retelling the riddles only to close family
(1 mark)
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