Laundry Work
10 Grade 10 Home Science questions on Laundry Work, with worked marking schemes. 10 questions are available on this topic in full.
Question 1
4 marksDuring a laundry practical, Baraka suggests skipping sorting and rinsing to save time. Explain why each of the following processes should not be skipped:
(a) sorting (2 marks)
(b) rinsing (2 marks)
(4 marks)
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4 marksExplain two reasons why regular laundry work is important to a learner in a boarding school.
(4 marks)
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1 markDuring lunch break, Kamau's white cotton school shirt gets a fresh bloodstain from a nosebleed. What should he do first to remove the stain?
A. Soak it in cold salted water
B. Wash it in very hot soapy water
C. Dab it with methylated spirit
D. Iron over it before washing
(1 mark)
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1 markLaboratory tests show that water from a school borehole contains dissolved calcium hydrogen carbonate, which makes it hard. Which method would soften this water for laundry work without adding any chemical?
A. Filtering it through a clean cloth
B. Boiling it and letting it settle
C. Stirring it vigorously for some time
D. Leaving it to stand in the sun
(1 mark)
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4 marksA school is setting up a laundry corner in its Home Science laboratory.
(a) State two factors the school should consider when choosing laundry equipment. (2 marks)
(b) Outline two safety precautions learners should observe when handling bleaches and organic solvents in the laundry corner. (2 marks)
(4 marks)
Marking scheme
(a) Any two of the following, 1 mark each (2 marks): - Cost compared with the money available - Durability and quality of the material it is made from - Suitability for the work to be done and the number of learners - Ease of use, cleaning and maintenance - Size compared with the space available for use and storage - Availability of electricity and water for machines that need them - Safety features, for example an insulated handle or thermostat on an iron - Availability of spare parts, a warranty and after-sales service - A standardisation mark showing that it meets quality standards (b) Any two of the following, 1 mark each (2 marks): - Work in a well-ventilated area to avoid breathing in fumes. - Keep organic solvents such as paraffin, turpentine and methylated spirit away from open flames, because they catch fire easily. - Wear gloves, or avoid contact with skin and eyes; wash off any splashes immediately with plenty of water. - Dilute bleach to the strength given in the manufacturer's instructions. - Never mix bleach with other chemicals such as ammonia or acids, because poisonous gases are given off. - Store them tightly closed in clearly labelled containers, out of the reach of children and away from food.
Question 6
4 marksLaundry detergents are classified as soaps or soapless detergents.
(a) State two differences between soaps and soapless detergents. (2 marks)
(b) A family in Kitui uses hard water from a borehole for washing clothes. Explain why a soapless detergent would give better results than soap. (2 marks)
(4 marks)
Marking scheme
(a) Any two of the following well-contrasted differences, 1 mark each (2 marks): - Soap is made from fats or oils and an alkali (caustic soda/potash), while soapless detergents are made from petroleum by-products and other chemicals. - Soap forms scum in hard water, while soapless detergents do not form scum. - Soap dissolves and lathers poorly in cold water, while soapless detergents dissolve readily in cold water. - Soap is readily biodegradable, while some soapless detergents break down slowly and may pollute water sources. - Soapless detergents often contain additives such as enzymes, optical brighteners and perfumes, while plain soap usually does not. (b) Any two of the following, 1 mark each (2 marks): - Calcium and magnesium salts in hard water react with soap to form scum. - Scum wastes soap, because much more is needed before a lather forms. - Scum settles on fabrics, leaving them grey, dull or harsh to touch. - Soapless detergents do not react with these salts, so they lather readily and clean effectively in hard water.
Question 7
4 marksAfter washing, Akinyi notices that her white cotton tablecloths look slightly yellowish and hang limply.
(a) Name the laundry agent she should use to correct each of these problems:
(i) the yellowish appearance (1 mark)
(ii) the limp appearance (1 mark)
(b) For each agent named in (a), state one point she should observe when using it to get a good result. (2 marks)
(4 marks)
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1 markAtieno wants to whiten a white silk blouse that has turned yellow with age. Which bleach is most suitable for this fabric?
A. Sodium hypochlorite solution
B. Strong washing soda solution
C. Hydrogen peroxide solution
D. Laundry blue solution
(1 mark)
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1 markWhile sorting clothes for washing, a learner notices a small tear along a seam of her school skirt. Why should she mend the tear before laundering the skirt?
A. To prevent colours from running in water
B. To make soaking of the garment easier
C. To stop the tear from getting bigger
D. To help the detergent dissolve faster
(1 mark)
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6 marksChebet has bought a new red cotton T-shirt. She suspects that its dye is not colour-fast. Describe the procedure she should follow to launder the T-shirt.
(6 marks)
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