Sculpture: Carving

17 Grade 10 Fine Arts questions on Sculpture: Carving, with worked marking schemes. 17 questions are available on this topic in full.

1. Question 1

   5 marks

   Describe the process a learner follows to carve a relief panel from a block of wood, from preparing the material to finishing the surface. (5 marks)

   (5 marks)

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2. Question 2

   4 marks

   Learners visiting a woodcarving cooperative at Wamunyu in Machakos County study Akamba carvings. Outline four characteristics of the carvings they are likely to observe. (4 marks)

   (4 marks)

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3. Question 3

   1 mark

   At a craft market in Kisii, a learner sees a soapstone plaque in which the carved figures rise only slightly above the flat background and no part is undercut. What type of sculpture is this?

   A. High relief

   B. Sculpture in the round

   C. Sunken relief

   D. Low relief

   (1 mark)

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4. Question 4

   4 marks

   Describe any two styles of Makonde carving from Tanzania and Mozambique. (4 marks)

   (4 marks)

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5. Question 5

   1 mark

   A learner wants to seal her wooden relief with a clear, glossy coat that protects it from moisture and dust while still showing the wood grain. Which finishing technique should she use?

   A. Sanding with glass paper

   B. Applying a wood stain

   C. Painting with emulsion paint

   D. Brushing on varnish

   (1 mark)

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6. Question 6

   4 marks

   (a) Explain what is meant by relief sculpture. (2 marks)

   (b) State two differences between relief sculpture and sculpture in the round. (2 marks)

   (4 marks)

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7. Question 7

   1 mark

   Mutua, a carver in Wamunyu, tells visiting learners that carving is a subtractive process. What does this mean?

   A. Soft material is pressed and pushed into shape

   B. Material is melted and poured into a mould

   C. Material is removed to reveal the form

   D. Pieces of material are added to build up the form

   (1 mark)

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8. Question 8

   1 mark

   Early in carving a wooden relief panel, Njeri needs to remove large unwanted pieces of wood from the background quickly. Which tool is most suitable?

   A. Mallet and gouge

   B. Small riffler file

   C. V-parting tool

   D. Fine sandpaper

   (1 mark)

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9. Question 9

   4 marks

   Wanjiru's art club needs materials for relief carving but wants to avoid harming the environment.

   (a) State two ways the club can obtain wood responsibly. (2 marks)

   (b) Name two waste materials from the school or home environment that could be upcycled into blocks for relief carving. (2 marks)

   (4 marks)

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10. Question 10

    4 marks

    Apart from staining and varnishing, explain two techniques a learner could use to decorate a finished wooden relief sculpture. (4 marks)

    (4 marks)

    Marking scheme

    Any two techniques, 2 marks each: 1 mark for the technique, 1 mark for explaining how it is done or what effect it gives (4 marks). - Pyrography: burning lines and patterns into the wood with a heated metal tool or pyrography pen, under supervision, to give dark decorative lines. - Inlay: setting beads, shells, bone, wire or bottle-top pieces into small recesses cut into the surface to add colour and contrast. - Painting: applying acrylic paint or natural pigments to selected areas to pick out details. - Incising or chip carving: cutting small grooves or geometric patterns to add texture. - Waxing or polishing: rubbing in beeswax or polish and buffing it to give a soft sheen. - Contrasting textures: leaving some areas with tool marks next to smoothly sanded areas.

11. Question 11

    4 marks

    A Grade 10 art club in Nyeri wants to sell the relief sculptures its members have carved.

    (a) State two strategies the club could use to market the sculptures online. (2 marks)

    (b) Explain one reason why learners should value relief sculptures from other communities in Eastern and Central Africa. (2 marks)

    (4 marks)

    Marking scheme

    (a) Any two, 1 mark each (2 marks): - Post clear, well-lit photographs on social media pages such as Facebook, Instagram or WhatsApp status. - List the pieces on online marketplaces. - Create a simple website or blog showing the club's work. - Post short videos of the carving process to attract interest. - Write a description of the cultural story behind each piece. - Set fair prices and accept mobile money payments such as M-Pesa. - Ask satisfied buyers to post reviews and share the posts. (b) Any one reason stated (1 mark) and explained (1 mark) (2 marks): - It builds appreciation of ethnic and cultural diversity, which promotes tolerance and social cohesion. - It helps preserve the region's cultural heritage for future generations. - Other communities' styles and techniques are a source of inspiration and new ideas for one's own work. - It supports regional trade and cultural tourism, benefiting artists across the region.

12. Question 12

    1 mark

    A curio trader in Mombasa stocks Makonde carvings from Tanzania and Mozambique. Which material are these carvings traditionally made from?

    A. Baobab wood

    B. Cypress

    C. Soapstone

    D. Blackwood

    (1 mark)

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13. Question 13

    3 marks

    State three safety precautions learners should observe when using chisels, gouges and mallets during a carving lesson. (3 marks)

    (3 marks)

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14. Question 14

    1 mark

    During a class critique of relief sculptures, which comment gives the most constructive feedback on a classmate's work?

    A. It is very nice and I really like the colour you chose

    B. Mine is better because my figures are bigger

    C. This carving is poor and should be started again

    D. Good depth, but sand the background more smoothly

    (1 mark)

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15. Question 15

    6 marks

    During a class critique of relief panels inspired by Akamba and Makonde carving, learners discuss how the principles of 3-D art are portrayed in sculpture. Explain how any three principles of 3-D art can be portrayed in a relief sculpture. (6 marks)

    (6 marks)

    Marking scheme

    Any three principles, 2 marks each: 1 mark for the principle, 1 mark for explaining how it appears in a relief (6 marks). - Balance: forms and masses are arranged symmetrically or asymmetrically so that neither side of the panel looks heavier. - Contrast: rough tool-marked areas sit beside smooth sanded areas, deep cuts beside shallow ones, or dark stained parts beside light parts, creating strong light and shadow. - Unity and harmony: motifs, shapes and cutting style are repeated or related, and a single theme ties the panel together. - Proportion: figures and objects are sized correctly in relation to each other and to the panel. - Dominance: the main figure is made larger, carved deeper or placed centrally so that it becomes the focal point.

16. Question 16

    4 marks

    Baraka plans to carve a relief panel on a 30 cm × 20 cm block of wood, inspired by a cultural activity in his community.

    (a) Make a simple sketch of a suitable relief design, shading the areas that will be cut away. (3 marks)

    (b) State one reason why simple, bold shapes are better than fine details for a first relief carving. (1 mark)

    (4 marks)

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17. Question 17

    4 marks

    Kerubo is choosing between a block of wood and a block of Kisii soapstone for a relief carving. Explain two differences in how the two materials are worked. (4 marks)

    (4 marks)

    Marking scheme

    Any two differences, each contrasting both materials, 2 marks each (4 marks): - Grain: wood has grain, so cuts must follow its direction to avoid splitting or tearing (1); soapstone has no grain and can be carved equally in any direction (1). - Tools: wood is cut with chisels and gouges driven by a mallet (1); soapstone, being soft, is shaped with knives, rasps, files and scrapers without heavy blows (1). - Fragility: wood is tougher and absorbs knocks, though it may split along the grain (1); soapstone is brittle and chips or cracks if struck hard or dropped (1). - Finishing: wood is sanded dry and then stained, varnished or waxed (1); soapstone is wet-sanded with waterproof abrasive paper and then waxed or polished to bring out its colour (1). - Dust control: wood dust is controlled mainly with a mask and sweeping (1); soapstone is often worked damp to keep its fine dust down (1).

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