General Animal Health

12 Grade 10 Agriculture questions on General Animal Health, with worked marking schemes. 12 questions are available on this topic in full.

1. Question 1

   4 marks

   Describe four ways in which disease-causing organisms spread from a sick animal to healthy animals on a farm.

   (4 marks)

   Marking scheme

   Any FOUR, 1 mark each (max 4): - Direct contact between sick and healthy animals, for example licking, mating or rubbing together. - Contaminated feed and drinking water shared at troughs or watering points. - Vectors such as ticks, tsetse flies and mosquitoes that carry the organisms as they feed. - Droplets in air from coughing or sneezing animals housed close together. - Contaminated equipment, vehicles, footwear and clothing of farm workers and visitors. - From the dam to the offspring before birth or through the milk.

2. Question 2

   1 mark

   Chicks in a deep litter house begin to pass droppings stained with blood and many become dull. Which management practice most likely predisposed the chicks to this condition?

   A. Feeding them chick mash instead of growers mash

   B. Vaccinating them against Newcastle disease late

   C. Allowing the litter to become wet and caked

   D. Leaving a light on in the house at night

   (1 mark)

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3. Question 3

   3 marks

   Account for the rapid spread of foot-and-mouth disease among cattle in a grazing area of Kajiado during a long drought.

   (3 marks)

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4. Question 4

   4 marks

   Suggest four measures a farmer in Baringo can take to control tick-borne diseases in a beef herd.

   (4 marks)

   Marking scheme

   Any FOUR, 1 mark each (max 4): - Dip or spray the cattle regularly with an acaricide mixed at the correct concentration and at the recommended interval. - Hand-dress or apply pour-on acaricide to the ears, tail switch, udder and between the legs where ticks hide. - Vaccinate the animals against East Coast fever using the infection and treatment method. - Practise rotational grazing and rest paddocks so that the tick life cycle is broken. - Clear bush and slash long grass around the paddocks and homestead to destroy tick habitats. - Treat and hold newly bought animals separately before mixing them with the herd. - Report suspected cases early so that sick animals are treated before the disease spreads.

5. Question 5

   6 marks

   State six signs of good health in a dairy cow.

   (6 marks)

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6. Question 6

   1 mark

   A farmer in Bungoma finds that several of her sheep are thin and weak with very pale eye membranes, although the pasture is plentiful. The most likely cause of this condition is

   A. mange caused by skin mites

   B. mastitis of the udder

   C. a heavy infestation of internal parasites

   D. bloat caused by young lush grass

   (1 mark)

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7. Question 7

   1 mark

   East Coast fever is caused by an organism that is spread by the brown ear tick. The disease is therefore classified as a

   A. nutritional disorder

   B. protozoan disease

   C. viral disease

   D. bacterial disease

   (1 mark)

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8. Question 8

   3 marks

   Explain three reasons why a farmer should keep livestock in good health.

   (3 marks)

   Marking scheme

   Any THREE, 1 mark each (max 3): - Healthy animals give their full yield of milk, eggs, meat or wool, so income is higher. - The farmer saves the money that would be spent on drugs and veterinary fees and avoids losses through deaths. - Healthy breeding stock conceive readily and produce strong offspring, keeping the herd growing. - Products from healthy animals are clean and safe, fetch better prices and are accepted in the market. - Some livestock diseases are transmitted to people, so healthy animals protect the health of the family.

9. Question 9

   1 mark

   Which one of the following conditions must be reported to the sub-county veterinary officer because it is a notifiable disease in Kenya?

   A. Mastitis

   B. Bloat

   C. Foot-and-mouth disease

   D. Milk fever

   (1 mark)

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10. Question 10

    2 marks

    Distinguish between isolation and quarantine as used in the control of livestock diseases.

    (2 marks)

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11. Question 11

    1 mark

    Which one of the following is a nutritional disorder of a high-yielding dairy cow soon after calving?

    A. Foot rot

    B. Lumpy skin disease

    C. Mastitis

    D. Milk fever

    (1 mark)

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12. Question 12

    1 mark

    A poultry farmer in Kiambu places a shallow trough of disinfectant at the entrance of the chicken house. The main purpose of this trough is to

    A. destroy disease organisms carried on footwear

    B. cool the feet of the birds as they walk in

    C. keep rats from entering the house

    D. remove mud so that the house remains tidy

    (1 mark)

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